Policy-Based Backups
The Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Block Volume service provides you with the capability to perform volume backups and volume group backups automatically on a schedule and retain them based on the selected backup policy.
With user defined policies, you can also enable scheduled cross-region backups, so that scheduled volume backups are automatically copied to a second region, see Scheduling Volume Backup Copies Across Regions.
These features allow you to adhere to your data compliance and regulatory requirements.
Deleting Block Volumes with Policy-Based Backups
All policy-based backups will eventually expire. You must create a manual backup if you want to keep a volume backup indefinitely. For more information, see Backing Up a Volume.
Volume backups are point-in-time snapshots of volume data. For more information about volume backups, see Overview of Block Volume Backups.
There are two kinds of backup policies:
- User defined: Custom backup policies that you create and configure schedules for.
- Oracle defined: Predefined backup policies that have a set backup frequency and retention period. You cannot modify these policies.
Timing for Scheduled Backups
Scheduled volume backups are not guaranteed to start at the exact time specified by the backup schedule. You may see up to several hours of delay between the scheduled start time and the actual start time for the volume backup in scenarios where the system is overloaded. This applies to both user defined and Oracle defined backup policies.
User-Defined Backup Policies
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure enables you to customize your backup schedules with user defined policies. These are backup policies that you define the backup frequency and retention period for. There are two parts to user-defined backup policies: the backup policy itself, and then one or more schedules in the policy.
To get started with user-defined backup policies, you need to first create the backup policy, see Creating a user-defined backup policy. After this step, you have an empty backup policy, so the next step is to define and add schedules to the policy.
Schedules
Schedules define the backup frequency and retention period for a user-defined backup policy, just like Oracle-defined backup policies. The difference is that you can customize the schedules associated with user-defined policies. This gives you control over the backup frequency and retention period.
When defining a schedule for a user-defined backup policy, the first thing you configure is the schedule type, which specifies the backup frequency. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure provides the following schedule types:
- Daily: Backups are generated daily. You specify the hour of the day for the backup.
- Weekly: Backups are generated weekly. You specify the day of the week, and the hour of that day for the backup.
- Monthly: Backups are generated monthly. You specify the day of the month, and the hour of that day for the backup.
- Yearly: Backups are generated yearly. You specify the month, the day of that month, and the hour of that day for the backup.
Block Volume runs only one scheduled backup per volume per day. If more than one backup is scheduled for a volume on a particular day, the service runs only one of them, using the following priority:
- Yearly
- Monthly
- Weekly
- Daily
In addition to frequency, you also configure the following:
- Retention time: The amount of time to keep the backup, in days, weeks, months, or years. The time period is based the schedule type.
- Backup type Options are full or incremental, see Volume Backup Types for more information.
- Timezone The time zone to use for the backup schedule. Options are UTC or the regional data center time zone.
For more information, see Adding a schedule to a user-defined backup policy.
Duplicating Existing Backup Policies
You can create a new backup policy by duplicating any of the existing backup policies.
If one of the Oracle-defined policies is close to meeting your volume backup requirements, but requires some changes, you can create a new backup policy by duplicating the Oracle-defined policy. This creates a new user-defined backup policy with schedules already assigned, enabling you to use the Oracle-defined policy's settings as a starting point to save time and simplify the process.
You can also duplicate an existing user-defined policy. For more information, see Duplicating a backup policy. You can then add, edit, or delete schedules for the new backup policy.
Scheduling Volume Backup Copies Across Regions
The Block Volume service enables you to copy volume backups from one region to another for business continuity and disaster recovery scenarios, for more information, see Copying Block Volume Backups Across Regions. With user-defined policies, you can automate this process, so that volume backups are copied to another region on a schedule. Enabling the automatic copying of scheduled volume backups is only supported with user-defined policies, so if you need to use this feature for a volume currently configured with an Oracle-defined policy, you need to duplicate the policy and then enable cross region copy. The volume backup copy in the target region has the same retention period as the volume backup in the source region.
Vault encryption keys for volumes aren't copied to the destination region for scheduled volume and volume group backups enabled for cross region copy. Instead, you can specify a Vault encryption key for the backup copied to the destination region when you assign the backup policy. When you assign the backup policy, if it's enabled for cross region backup copies, select Encrypt using customer-managed keys for Cross region backup copy encryption to encrypt the volume backup in the destination region. If you select this option, you must specify the OCID for a valid encryption key in the destination region, see Requirements for Customer-Managed Encryption Keys for Cross-Region Operations for more information.
Copying daily scheduled volume backups to the target region can take up to 24 hours. You can verify that the volume backup was copied by switching to the target region and checking the list of volume backups for that region. If the volume backup hasn't been copied yet, you can perform a manual copy of that volume backup to the target region using the steps described in Copying a Volume Backup Between Regions.
Cost
Once this feature is enabled, your bill will include charges for storing volume backups in both the source region and the destination region. You may also see an increase in network costs. For pricing details, see Oracle Storage Cloud Pricing. The Object Storage price applies to backup storage. Outbound Data Transfer price will be applicable for network costs with cross-region backup copies.
Oracle-Defined Backup Policies
There are three Oracle-defined backup policies: bronze, silver, and gold. Each backup policy is comprised of schedules with a set backup frequency and a retention period that you cannot modify. If the backup policy settings for Oracle-defined policies don't meet your requirements, use User-Defined Backup Policies instead. With user-defined backup policies, you define and control the schedules. You can also enable the automatic copying of volume backups to a second region, which isn't supported with Oracle-defined policies.
Oracle-defined backup policies aren't supported for scheduled volume group backups.
Full Backups and Oracle-Defined Policies
As of November 3, 2021, Oracle-defined policies no longer include full backups. See Full backups removed from Oracle defined backup policies. Incremental backups are functionally the same as full backups for data recovery purposes. Some compliance scenarios may require scheduled full backups. For these compliance scenarios, configure a user-defined backup policy instead. You can create a new user-defined policy from an existing backup policy, see Duplicating Existing Backup Policies.
Bronze Policy
The bronze policy includes monthly incremental backups, run on the first day of the month. These backups are retained for twelve months. This policy also includes an incremental backup, run yearly during the first part of January. This backup is retained for five years.
Silver Policy
The silver policy includes weekly incremental backups that run on Sunday. These backups are retained for four weeks. This policy also includes monthly incremental backups, run on the first day of the month and are retained for twelve months. Also includes an incremental backup, run yearly during the first part of January. This backup is retained for five years.
Gold Policy
The gold policy includes daily incremental backups, retained for seven days, along with weekly incremental backups, run on Sunday and retained for four weeks. Includes monthly incremental backups, run on the first day of the month, retained for twelve months. Also includes an incremental backup, run yearly during the first part of January. This backup is retained for five years.
Working with Backup Policies
There are two types of tasks when working with backup policies:
The linked sections listed above provide information for working with backup policies using the Console, CLI, and REST APIs.
Required IAM Policy
To use Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, an administrator must be a member of a group granted security access in a policy by a tenancy administrator. This access is required whether you're using the Console or the REST API with an SDK, CLI, or other tool. If you get a message that you don't have permission or are unauthorized, verify with the tenancy administrator what type of access you have and which compartment your access works in.
To view or work with backup policies, you need access to the root compartment, which is where the predefined backup policies are located.
For administrators: The policy in Let volume admins manage block volumes, backups, and volume groups lets the specified group do everything with block volumes and backups. The policy in Let volume backup admins manage only backups further restricts access to just creating and managing backups.
When users create a backup from a volume or restore a volume from a backup, the volume and backup don't have to be in the same compartment . However, users must have access to both compartments.
Tagging Resources
You can apply tags to your resources to help you organize them according to your business needs. You can update the resource later with the desired tags. For general information about applying tags, see Resource Tags.
Creating and Configuring User-Defined Backup Policies
Learn how to create and update your own backup policies.
Creating a user-defined backup policy
Learn how to create a policy that you define the backup frequency and retention period for.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
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Select Create Backup Policy.
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Specify a name for the backup policy. Avoid entering confidential information.
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Select the compartment to create the backup policy in.
While you select a compartment for the backup policy, it's accessible across your tenancy.
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Optionally, you can enable cross region copy to the specified region. This automates the copying of the volume backup to a second region after each backup is created. To enable cross region copy, select a target region from the Cross Region Copy Target list. This is the region the volume backup will be copied to. For more information, see Scheduling Volume Backup Copies Across Regions.
When you assign a backup policy with cross region copy enabled to a volume, you can optionally select Encrypt using customer-managed keys for Cross region backup copy encryption to encrypt the volume backup with a Vault key from the destination region. See Specifying a Key for Cross-Region Backup Copies for more information.
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Select Create Backup Policy to create the backup policy.
Use the
oci bv volume backup policy createcommand and specify the--compartment-idand--schedulesparameters to create a volume backup policy:oci bv volume-backup-policy create --compartment-id <compartment_ID> --schedules file//<path>/<scheduleJSON>.jsonFor example:
oci bv volume-backup-policy create --compartment-id ocid1.compartment.oc1..<unique_ID> --schedules file//~/input.jsonFor a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
CreateVolumeBackupPolicyoperation and specify thecompartmentIdattribute for theCreateVolumeBackupPolicyDetailsresource to create a user defined backup policy.
Enabling cross-region copy for a user-defined backup policy
Learn how to configure your backup policies to copy block volume backups between regions for disaster recovery, business continuity, migration or expansion.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Select the backup policy that you want to enable cross region copy for.
- On the details page, select Edit.
- Select the region you want the volume backup to be copied to in Cross Region Copy Target.
- Optionally, enter tags in the Tag namespace, Tag key and Tag value fields to organize your resources and select Add tags.
- Select Save changes.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy createcommand and specify the--compartment id,--destinationregionparameters to set a paired region for copying scheduled backups to.oci bv volume-backup-policy create --compartment-id <compartment_id> --destinationregion<region_name>For a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
CreateVolumeBackupoperation and specify thecompartmentIdanddestinationRegionattributes for theCreateVolumeBackupPolicyDetailsresource to enable cross-region copy for a user-defined backup policy.
Adding a schedule to a user-defined backup policy
Learn to how to schedule the frequency of a backup policy for a compartment in your tenancy.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Select the backup policy you want to add the schedule to.
- Select Add Schedule.
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Specify the backup frequency by selecting from the Schedule Type options: Daily, Weekly, Monthly, or Yearly, and then configure the additional schedule options. Depending on the schedule type, the additional schedule options will include one or more of the following:
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Hour of the day
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Day of the week
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Day of the month
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Month of the year
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Specify the Retention Time, which will be in days, weeks, months, or years, depending on the schedule type you selected in the previous step.
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Select Full or Incremental for Backup Type.
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Select the Timezone to base the schedule settings on, either UTC or Regional Data Center Time.
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Select Add Schedule.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy createcommand and specify the--schedulesparameter to add a schedule to a user-defined backup policy:oci bv volume-backup-policy create --schedulesFor a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
CreateVolumeBackupPolicyDetailsoperation and specify theschedulesattribute in theCreateVolumeBackupPolicyDetailsresource to add a schedule to tenancy's volume backup policy.
Disabling cross-region copy for a user-defined backup policy
Learn how to disable cross-region copy for policies you create.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Select the backup policy that you want to enable cross region copy for.
- On the details page, select Edit.
- In Cross region copy target, select None.
- Select Save changes.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy createcommand and specify the--compartment idparameter and set the--destinationregionparameter asnoneto disable backups for a paired region.oci bv volume-backup-policy create --compartment-id <compartment_id> --destinationregion noneFor a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
UpdateVolumeBackupPolicyoperation and specify thepolicyIdattribute in the request body and thedestinationRegionasnonein theUpdateVolumeBackupPolicyDetailsresource.
Duplicating a backup policy
Learn how to duplicate an existing backup policy for a volume group.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Click the backup policy that you want to duplicate. Both Oracle-defined and user-defined backup policies can be duplicated.
- Click Duplicate.
- Specify a name for the policy. Avoid entering confidential information.
- Select the compartment to create the backup policy in. It doesn't need to be the same compartment as the backup policy you're duplicating.
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Optionally, you can enable cross region copy to the specified region. This automates the copying of the volume backup to a second region that you specify after each backup is created. For more information, see Scheduling Volume Backup Copies Across Regions.
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Click Duplicate Backup Policy.
This tasked can't be performed using the CLI.
This tasked can't be performed using the CLI.
Deleting a user-defined backup policy
Learn how to delete a backup policy for a compartment in your tenancy.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Select the user-defined backup policy you want to delete.
- Select Delete.
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Enter the name of the backup policy and select Delete.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy deletecommand and specify the--policy-idparameter to delete the policy:oci bv volume-backup-policy delete --policy-id <policy_ID>
Note
You can only delete a user-defined backup policy if it is not assigned to any volumes. You cannot delete Oracle-defined backup policies.For a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
DeleteVolumeBackupPolicyoperation and specify thepolicyIdattribute to delete a policy.
Getting details for a backup policy
Learn how to retrieve details for a backup policy.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Select the policy from the list.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy getcommand and specify the--policy-idparameter to retrieve details for a policy:oci bv volume-backup-policy get --policy-id <backup_policy_ID>For example:
oci bv volume-backup-policy get --policy-id ocid1.volumebackuppolicy.oc1.phx.<unique_ID>For a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
GetVolumeBackupPolicyoperation and specify thepolicyIdparameter to retrieve details for a backup policy.
Updating the display name for a user-defined backup policy
Learn how to update the display name of a backup policy you created for a compartment in your tenancy.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Select Edit.
- Enter a new name.
- Select Save changes.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy updatecommand and specify the--policy-idand--display-nameparameters to update a volume backup policy display name:oci bv volume-backup-policy update --policy-id <backup-policy_ID> --display-name <backup-policy_name>For example:
oci bv volume-backup-policy update --policy-id ocid1.volumebackuppolicy.oc1.phx.<unique_ID> --display-name "new display name"For a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
UpdateVolumeBackupPolicyoperation and provide the updated values in thepolicyIdanddisplayNameattributes of theUpdateVolumeBackupPolicyDetailsresource to update the policy display name.
Listing the backup policies in a specified compartment
Learn how to view a list of backup policies for a compartment in your tenancy.
Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy listcommand and specify the--compartment-idparameter to list the backup policies for a compartment in your tenancy:oci bv volume-backup-policy list --compartment-id <compartment_ID>For example:
oci bv volume-backup-policy list --compartment-id ocid1.compartment.oc1..<unique_ID>For a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
ListVolumeBackupPoliciesoperation to view the backup policies for the compartment in your tenancy.
Editing a schedule for a user-defined backup policy
Learn how to update backup policy settings for a compartment in your tenancy.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Select the backup policy that you want to edit a schedule for.
- In Schedules, for the schedule you want to edit, select the , and then select Edit.
- After making your changes to the schedule, select Update.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy updatecommand and specify the parameters to update the schedule for a volume backup policy:oci bv volume-backup-policy update --policy-id backup_policy_ID --schedules file//path/schedule_JSON.jsonFor example:
oci bv volume-backup-policy update --policy-id ocid1.volumebackuppolicy.oc1.phx.unique_ID --schedules file//~/input.jsonFor a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
UpdateVolumeBackupPolicyoperation and specify thepolicyIdattribute in the request body and thedefinedTags,destinationRegion,displayName,freeformTagsand/orschedulesattributes in theUpdateVolumeBackupPolicyDetailsresource edit your backup policy schedule.
Deleting a schedule for a user-defined backup policy
Learn how to delete a schedule for backup policy you've set for a compartment in your tenancy.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Backup Policies.
- Click the backup policy that you want to delete the schedule for.
- In Schedules, for the schedule you want to edit, click the , and then click Delete.
- Click Delete to confirm the deletion.
Managing Backup Policy Assignments to Volumes
If a volume is part of a volume group with a backup policy assignment, the backup policy assignment is managed by the volume group. In this scenario, to update the backup policy assigned you must change the assignment for the volume group or remove the volume from the group.
Assigning a backup policy to a volume
Learn how to assign a backup policy to an existing user- or Oracle-defined volume.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Block Volumes.
- Select the volume for which you want to assign a backup policy to.
- On the Block Volume Details tab, click Edit .
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In the Backup policies section, select the compartment containing the backup policies.
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Select the appropriate backup policy for your requirements.
- Optionally, if you select a backup policy enabled for cross region backup copies, you can encrypt the backup copy in the destination region with your own Vault encryption key by selecting Encrypt using customer-managed keys for Cross region backup copy encryption. If you select this option, you must specify the OCID for a valid encryption key in the destination region, see Requirements for Customer-Managed Encryption Keys for Cross-Region Operations for more information.
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Select Save changes.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy-assignment createcommand and specify the--asset-id,--policy-idand--xrc-kms-key-idparameters to assign a user- or Oracle-defined backup policy to a volume:oci bv volume-backup-policy-assignment create --asset-id <volume_ID> --policy-id <policy_ID> --xrc-kms-key-id <kms_key_ID>For a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
CreateVolumeBackupPolicyAssignmentoperation and specify theassetIdandpolicyIdattributes in aCreateVolumeBackupPolicyAssignmentDetailsresource to assign a backup policy to a volume.
Viewing the backup policy assigned to a volume
Learn how to view a backup policy assigned to a volume.
This task can't be performed using the Console.
Use the
oci bv volume-backup-policy-assignment getcommand and required parameters to description_of_task:oci bv volume-backup-policy-assignment get-volume-backup-policy-asset-assignment --asset-id <volume_ID> [OPTIONS]For example:
oci bv volume-backup-policy-assignment get-volume-backup-policy-asset-assignment --asset-id ocid1.volume.oc1..<unique_ID>For a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the
GetVolumeBackupPolicyAssetAssignmentoperation and specify theassetIdattribute to view the volume backup policy assignment for the specified volume.
Retrieving a specific backup policy assignment
Learn how to view assignment details for a volume backup policy for a compartment in your tenancy.
This task can't be performed using the Console.
Use the oci bc volume-backup-policy-assignment get command and specify the
--policy-assignment-idparameter to view assignment details for that policy:oci bv volume-backup-policy-assignment get --policy-assignment-id <backup_policy_ID>For example:
oci bv volume-backup-policy-assignment get --policy-assignment-id ocid1.volumebackuppolicyassignment.oc1.phx.<unique_ID>For a complete list of parameters and values for CLI commands, see the CLI Command Reference.
Run the GetVolumeBackupPolicyAssignment operation to view details for the specified volume backup policy assignment.
- Open the navigation menu and select Storage. Under Block Storage, select Block Volumes.
- Click the volume for which you want to assign a backup policy to.
- On the Block Volume Information tab, in Scheduled Backups, check the Managed By field.
Tracking the Status of Backup Operations with Events
You can use Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Events to track the status of Block Volume backup operations. See Block Volume Events for a list of these event types. All Block Volume event types include a status attribute. The status attribute value is either operationFailed or operationSucceed, depending on the whether the backup operation succeeded or failed.
You need to manually type the operationFailed and operationSucceed attribute values into the text box when creating a rule in the Console.
For a walkthrough of how to use the Create Volume Backup End event's status attribute to notify you when a scheduled volume backup fails, see Using Events to Notify When a Volume Backup Fails.